Crew 1 · Ladakh, India · 30 Jul – 6 Aug 2025

Between Two Worlds

A Mars-inspired expedition into the high-altitude desert of Ladakh — where present-day Earth most closely resembles Mars billions of years ago.

A Protoplanet expedition · Mars Society Australia partner

When
30 Jul–
6 Aug 2025
Where
Ladakh,
India
Crew
12
Members
Altitude
~4,500 m
Tso Kar

The Expedition

Where Earth Meets Mars

Between Two Worlds Crew 1 was an eight-day expedition that brought twelve hand-picked crew members into Ladakh's stunning high-altitude landscapes — terrain so stark that Earth itself feels like another planet. Participants learned directly from leading planetary scientists about our world and the journey toward Mars, the next frontier.

Present-day Ladakh resembles Mars as it was billions of years ago, and the expedition's scientists are part of a global effort to study it. Crew 1 became the first cohort to help build India's first analogue research station — the Himalayan Outpost for Planetary Exploration (HOPE), in the Tso Kar basin. The journey blended adventure, science and cultural immersion, exploring Mars-like ground right here on Earth.

The crew camped beneath some of the darkest skies on the planet, preparing scientific sketches and contributing to dark-sky conservation efforts alongside the International Dark Sky movement. They dined with an ancient nomadic community, learning to read the landscape's evolution through generations of local wisdom — and heard seasoned expeditioners share the life stories that drew them to a way of living that learns from the present and trains for tomorrow.

Mars Society Australia's Role

Between Two Worlds is led by Protoplanet, a Bengaluru-based, ISRO-registered space-tutor organisation — with Mars Society Australia as a partner. Two MSA leaders served as field instructors: Dr Jonathan Clarke, President of MSA, and Dr Annalea Beattie, Director of MSA. Both brought decades of Mars-analogue field experience from the Mars Desert Research Station, Arkaroola and beyond.

The expedition forms part of the wider HOPE collaboration between Protoplanet, ISRO, the Mars Society and Mars Society Australia — an international effort to build India's first crewed Moon-and-Mars analogue training environment, drawing on MSA's expertise in analogue mission design, systems and training protocols.

Field Faculty

Meet the Instructors

Dr Jonathan Clarke

Dr Jonathan Clarke

Senior Mars Geologist · President, Mars Society Australia

From Australia's bush capital, Canberra, Jon brings a background spanning palaeontology, geology, astrobiology and planetary science. He has led countless expeditions — from digging for ancient fossils to exploring Mars-analogue sites across the globe.

On expedition: field geology tools and technique; learning to think like a planetary scientist while reading ancient lake shorelines, high glacial passes and hot-water pools.

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Dr Annalea Beattie

Dr Annalea Beattie

Artist · Dark-Sky Conservator · Director, Mars Society Australia

An artist who uses drawing to imagine our future lives on Mars, Annalea has led long-duration Mars simulations at the Mars Desert Research Station in the US. As a member of the dark-sky community, she is passionate about conserving these rare sites.

On expedition: sketching geological wonders and the night sky, and leading discussions on conservation and space ethics.

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Dr Siddharth Pandey

Dr Siddharth Pandey

Space Engineer · Director, Protoplanet

A space-research engineer who has worked across the USA, Australia, the Netherlands and India, Siddharth helped build Australia's first lunar rover and has led Ladakh Mars expeditions since 2016, drawing on experience at NASA Ames and JPL.

On expedition: India's space missions, and a hands-on chance to contribute to the design and commissioning of the HOPE station.

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What Crew 1 Took Home

Expedition Outcomes

01

A once-in-a-lifetime experience walking alongside leading planetary scientists — an immersive grounding in Earth's origins and the exploration of Mars.

02

A direct contribution to the commissioning of India's first Mars training station, and membership of the Protoplanet Explorer community.

03

A part in championing the conservation of India's dark skies — and a first-hand view of a changing climate at both micro and planetary scales.

04

An understanding of how culture and resilience in Earth's extreme environments help prepare us for venturing into space.

Eight Days, Two Worlds

Expedition Itinerary

The route ran from Saboo, near Leh, out to the high glacial lake of Tso Kar — the site of the future HOPE station — and back.

Day 130 Jul
Saboo

Crew arrives, acclimatises and rests.

Day 231 Jul
Likir & Saboo

Acclimatisation and medic orientation — how the body behaves at altitude — with evening discussions and preparation to embark for "Mars".

Day 31 Aug
Saboo → Tso Kar

Drive to Tso Kar with en-route stops for scientific discussion and cultural observation, reaching the high-altitude glacial lake and site of the upcoming Mars station.

Day 42 Aug
Tso Kar

Walk with a scientist "on Mars": learn to explore an alien planet and help characterise the site for the station's design. Night stargazing and discussions on dark-sky conservation and life on Mars.

Day 53 Aug
Puga & Tso Kar

Visit the Puga hot springs to learn how life might have begun on Earth — and possibly Mars — then draw the dark skies with Annalea Beattie.

Day 64 Aug
Tso Kar → Leh

Engage with the Tso Kar community on how art and culture endure in extreme environments, then drive back to Leh.

Day 75 Aug
Leh

Relax and reflect on the final day as crew: an optional 17th-century Ladakhi eco-conscious pottery activity, group discussions and an excursion to Leh's local market.

Day 86 Aug
Leh

Crew flies home.

Future Crews

Be Part of the Next Expedition

Crew 1 helped lay the foundations of HOPE. Protoplanet runs Between Two Worlds as an ongoing program, with future crews continuing to build and use the station. Register your interest, and Protoplanet will share details and dates as the next crew is announced.

Express Interest Email Protoplanet

Documents & Further Reading

Resources

Between Two Worlds is a program of Protoplanet Private Ltd. (Bengaluru, India), delivered in partnership with Mars Society Australia. For expedition enquiries: support@protoplanet.co · Instagram · LinkedIn